Organizations

In 1946 leaders from these groups met in Lusaka and formed the Federation of African Welfare Societies, this was the first protectorate-wide African movement. In 1948 this organization was moved into the Northern Rhodesia (today it is called Zambia) African Congress. In the early part of the 1950s, under the leadership of Harry Nkumbula, the organization fought against the establishment of the British Federation in Rhodesia and Nyasaland. Their fight was unsuccessful. The British Federation in Rhodesia combined Northern Rhodesia, Southern Rhodesia (today it is called Zimbabwe), and Nyasaland (now called Malawi). In 1958 the booming copper industry had attracted about 72,000 white people to Zambia and black people were having increasing white domination in their own homeland.